Uko imisi igenda niko ikibazo co kwiyunguruza mu gisagara ca Bujumbura kiba akananirabahinga. Inyuma y’amasaha y’akazi, hari mbere abasigaye bahitamwo kwitahira n’amaguru.
Ni isaha cumi z’umugoroba ku gituro c’imodoka zunguruza abantu, ahahoze isoko nkuru ya Bujumbura. Irya n’ino hateye igomwe : Imangazini, ibiro, uburiro n’amazu bitandukanye, uruja n’uruza, …. Ariko igitangaje, uhabona imirongo y’abantu batonze barindiriye imodoka kugira ngo bipakize. Urwaruka, abana, abagore, abagabo n’abasaza. Eka n’abandi baguma baza….
Bidatevye, imirongo ica iba miremire cane. Uburebure bw’imetero ijana n’izirenga. Ariko imodoka (bus) ziza nabinabi. N’izije zitwara igitigiri gito gito.
Kugira ntibarambirwe, abari ku mirongo usanga bariko barafyondagura bakinisha terefone zabo, abandi nabo bariko batera inkuru. Rimwe na rimwe abafise amagara make canke abarushe usanga bicaye hasi.
Uruhombo…
Umwanya bamara ku murongo utuma batakaza vyinshi mu mirimo yabo. Fidèle*aba muri zone kamenge, mu buraruko bw’igisagara ca Bujumbura.
“Hari igihe mara iminota irenga 45 ntonze. Mpomba vyinshi kubera nsanzwe mfise aho nisumamwo inyuma y’amasaha y’akazi. Nshika bwije, bigatuma ntaronka abaza kunshorera. Nta kigenda namba ! Muri ibi bihe biragoye kubeshaho umuryango wikoze ku gashahara k’umukozi wa reta konyene”.
Fidèle
Iruhande, Florine*atonze ku wundi murongo. Ni umuvyeyi w’abana bane. Aba mu carama (mu buraruko bw’igisagara). Ababajwe no kubona atakironka umwanya wo gukora udukorwa two muhira canke ngo akurikirane indero y’abana biwe:
“Jewe mva ku kazi isaha cumi n’imwe z’umugoroba. Ariko kenshi nshika muhira mu ma sambiri z’ijoro kubera iyi mirongo !”
Florine
Bamwe mu banyagisagara bavuga ko vyabarambiye. Hako bamara amasaha n’amasaha batonze, bahitamwo mbere kwitahira n’amaguru. Nk’akarorero, Patrick*, aba mu Ngagara.
“Naragereranije umwanya mara ku murongo n’umwanya ndahagenda n’amaguru. Nasanze ntashe n’amaguru ndahagenda iminota iri musi ya 40. Ntonze umurongo naho, bintwara umwanya uri hagati y’iminota 40 n’isaha yose. Iyumvire nawe….Bamwe mu bagenzi banje bahitamwo gufata itagisi, bakayirihira hamwe ari bane. Ku bwanje, niyo ni inyishu”.
Patrick
Mu kwezi kw’indwi, 2019, abikorera utwabo baragerageje gutorera umuti ico kibazo mu kuzana imiduga minini minini, ifise ubushobozi bwo gutwara abantu barenga 60. Ariko naho nyene ingorane ntiyavuye mu nzira.
Yoba iterwa n’iki ? Muri iyi nkuru, duca irya n’ino imvo nkurunkuru zitatu. Imwe yerekeye igwirirana ry’abantu, iyindi ijanye n’itunganywa ry’igisata co kwunguruza abantu ridatomoye, iya gatatu nayo ijanye n’ubukene bw’uburyo muri reta.
Igitigiri c’abiyunguruza gisumba ic’imiduga
Umurindi w’igwirirana ry’abantu ni kimwe mu ntambamyi indongozi z’igisagara ca Bujumbura zishobora kuba zitariyumvirako. Igitiri c’abanyagisagara kigenda kiduga cane. Nkuko tubikesha abegereye mairie ya Bujumbura, cangana n’ibihumbi amajana atanu na mirongo itanu na batandatu(556000) mu mwaka w’ 2010. Iyumvire namwe, inyuma y’imyaka cumi gusa, ciyongereye hafi incuro zibiri, mu gihe amikoro n’amabarabara vyo bitaduze kuri urwo rugero.
Icigwa cakozwe mu mwaka w’ 2018 n’ishirahamwe Global Consulting and Equipment Services (GCES) cerekana ko igitigiri c’abakenera kwiyunguruza mu gisagara gisumba kure ic’imiduga ihari. Imiduga y’ama”bus” n’ama “taxi” ihari ishobora kwunguruza ibice 4,1 % gusa, mu gihe abayikenera bagera ku bice 85 kw’ijana.
Turetse ivyo. Igisagara ca Bujumbura kirafise kahise cisangije. Tutirengagije ko abatari bake bagihurumbira ku mpamvu zo kurondera akazi, mu gihe c’intambara zo muri kahise, cakiriye abantu benshi baje nk’impunzi. Ivyo vyose bituma ibitigiri vy’abakibamwo vyiyongera cane. Mu ntumbero yo kugerageza kugabanya ivyo bitigiri, mu kwezi kwa 12, 2018, reta y’Uburundi yarafashe ingingo yo kwimurira umugwa mukuru wa politike n’ubushikiranganji bumwe bumwe mu ntara ya Gitega. Naho nyene, nta kintu kiboneka cahindutse.
Ingorane z’amabarabara n’ibituro vy’imiduga
Amabarabara atameze neza n’ubukene bw’ibituro vy’imiduga bikwiye, ni bimwe mu bitera ico kibazo. Ingorane y’amabarabara ituma umwanya imodoka igenda(kuva muri quartier gushika mu gisagara hagati) uba muremure cane. Umuntu yipfuza kuja mu gisagara avuye muri quartier, atakaza n’imiburiburi iminota 28 arindiriye imodoka kw’ibarabara, nk’uko GCES ivyerekana.
Kubera ibituro vy’imiduga bidakwiye mu gisagara, abayigendesha bategekwa kubanza guhagarara mu bibanza biri kure : kumetero 500. Nk’uko umumenyeshamakuru w’Ivomo yavyiboneye, imiduga imwe usanga ihagaze hafi ya Quartier asiatique, iyindi kuri saint michel (zone Rohero).
Abagendesha iyo miduga baridoga ko bahatakariza umwanya hamwe n’uburyo.
« Nk’uko mubibona ngaha, imiduga yacu itonze ku murongo uko twakurikiranye mu gushika. Iyo imodoka iri ku gituro gikuru mu gisagara hagati ihejeje gupakira, iyiri imbere ngaha ica igenda gufata ikibanza. Biguma bizunguruka muri ubwo buryo gushika dutahe kuruhuka. Ntivyoroshe namba. Biba ngombwa ko tuba turakina amakarata canke urubugu mu kurindira ko dushikirwa ».
Umwe mu bagendesha imiduga
Ikindi gituma hibonekeza abantu benshi mu gisagara ca Bujumbura, harangurirwa imirimo itandukanye, yaba iya reta canke iy’abikorera utwabo. Niho hakoraniye ibiro n’ivyicaro vy’amabanki, ubushikiranganji butandukanye, amahinguriro, amashirahamwe, …
Nta mikoro
Kuva habaye indyane zo mu mwaka w’2015, amakungu yarahagaritse imfashanyo ku Burundi. Bwaciye bubura uburyo bwo kurangura imigambi imw’imwe. Nk’uko tubikesha amakuru atandukanye, reta ntiyasubiriye gutanga, mu bushikiranganji bwabigenewe, amahera yo kwubaka no gusanura amabarabara nk’uko vyahora.
Ingorane si iyo gusa. Mu gihe ubushikiranganji bwokwikoze ku ntererano yotanzwe na bene imiduga yunguruza abantu, ntibuzi n’ibitigiri vy’iyo miduga, haba ku rwego rw’igisagara canke rw’igihugu. Ivyo vyose bigaterwa n’ubukene bw’uburyo.
Muri munyonyo, umwaka w’2017, reta yaremeje indinganizo nshasha yerekana ingene igisagara kigiye gutunganywa n’ingene kizoba kimeze muri 2045 (vision 2045). Intumbero kwari kugitunganya ku buhinga bwa none. Mu gisata co kwunguruza abantu, reta yategekanya gushiraho uburyo bwo kwiyunguruza buteye imbere kandi bworoshe ikongera igatsimbataza umutekano w’abiyunguruza. Ariko gushika ubu, haraheze imyaka itatu, nta na kimwe kirarangurwa. N’ibi vyoba vyatewe n’ubukene bw’uburyo.
Hokorwa iki kugira ibintu bigende neza ?
Igisata co kwunguruza abantu mu gisagara ca Bujumbura kirakeneye gutunganywa ukundi. Mu gihe atacokorwa vyihuta, bishobora kuzingamika ibikorwa vy’iterambere, ubutunzi bw’igihugu bugasubira inyuma.
Kugira ico kibazo gitorerwe inyishu, reta y’Uburundi yofatira akarorero ku gihugu kibanyi ca Tanzaniya. Ico gihugu carashizeho uburyo bubangutse bwo kwiyunguruza bwiswe « Usafiri Dar Es Salaam Rapid Transit (UDART) ». Imiduga yunguruza abantu muri ubwo buhinga yakorewe amabarabara yisangije. Kandi itwara abantu benshi ica rimwe nka kurya kw’itereni.
Iyo miduga iri ubwoko bubiri : hari minini minini cane n’iyindi ibayabaye. Minini ifise amabarabara yagutse yayigenewe, iyibayabaye nayo iza gusahiriza iyo abiyunguruza babaye benshi. Ubwo buhinga rero bwatumye ku murwa mukuru, Dar-Es-Salam, atawuba agitakaza umwanya canke ngo acererwe ku mirimo.
Ikindi, reta ikwiye gukura mu gisagara hagati ibiro n’ivyicaro vy’inzego zayo zitandukanye n’ivy’abikorera utwabo maze bikaja gukorera inyuma yaco. Eka n’ibiduga binini binini bikwiye guhabwa inzira vyisangije kandi izwi neza kugira ntibitere akajagari hagati mu gisagara.
Mu guheraheza, kureka gutoza amakori n’amatagisi imiduga mishasha yinjiye mu Burundi, navyo nyene vyotuma igitigiri c’imiduga ishaje kigabanuka.
Amazina yarahinduwe*
