Gukora umwuga wo kumenyesha amakuru mu Burundi ni nko kwigerezako. Abamenyeshamakuru bahura n’ingorane zitandukanye. Ikibabaje kuruta ni uko bahembwa intica ntikize ugereranije n’iyindi migwi y’abakozi, kandi bazwi nk’abavugira abandi.
Gukora uwo mwuga mu gihugu ca Ntare, ni nko kwinezereza gusa, ukemera kuwigura. Kuko mu bisanzwe biragoye cane kubeshwaho na wo. N’aho biri ukwo, benshi mu batarawukora bawubona nk’akazi gakomeye: inkomoko y’itunga. Bibonekera ku murindi w’igwirirana ry’ibimenyeshamakuru mu gihugu. Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2019, urwego rugenzura ibimenyeshamakuru[CNC] rwari rumaze gutanga impusha ku maradiyo 43, imboneshakure 10, ibimenyeshamakuru vyandika 33, ibikorera ku mbuga ngurukanabumenyi 48, amatororokanirizo 20,….. Wihweje neza, ivyo bimenyeshamakuru, nka vyose, birafise ingorane bihuriyeko: ntibifise ababifata mu mugongo.
Agashahara gateye isoni
Gushika ubu, uburundi ntiburashinga urugero rw’umushahara w’ibanze [salaire minimum] ku mukozi atanguye akazi, nk’uko biri mu bindi bihugu. Usanga igisata cose gihemba ukwo kivyishakiye. Nico gituma abakoresha badatinya gutanga intica ntikize.
None urugero rw’umushahara« salaire minimum » rwotunganywa hisunzwe iki? Ica mbere, ni amategeko agenga abakozi n’akazi. Ica 2, amasaha umuntu akora ku musi, ku ndwi, canke ku kwezi. Hokwisungwa kandi agaciro k’ifaranga hamwe n’ubuzima abanyagihugu babayemwo.
Tugaruke ku gisata co kumenyesha amakuru. Uretse ko agahembo ari gato muri rusangi, usanga kandi gasumbasumbana bivanye n’ikimenyeshamakuru. Muri iyi nkuru, tugaruka ku buzima bw’abamenyeshamakuru. Twisunga ibitangwa n’abaherutse gushira umukono ku masezerano y’akazi [contrat de travail] y’ikiringo co guhera ku mwaka umwe kuduga. Batowe mu bimenyeshamakuru 5. Barongoreye Ivomo ingene bahembwa ku kwezi.
Irabire nawe:
| RTNB | ISANGANIRO | R.CULTURE | R.IZERE | REMA | IWACU | |
| Umushahara mu marundi | 280.000 | Hagati y’250.000 na 300.000 | 130.000 | 250.000 | Hagati y’175.000 na 200.000 | 250.000 |
| Mu madolari | 145,9 | Hagati y’130 na 156 | Amadolari 67,7 | Amadolari 130 | Hagati y’amadolari 91 na 104 | Amadolari 130 |
Menya neza : Amafaranga twayaharuye mu madolari twisunze agaciro kashinzwe n’ibanki nkuru ya repuburika y’Uburundi kw’igenekerezo rya 21 mukakaro 2020 : idolari 1 ryavunjwa 1918,8 y’amarundi.
Iyo mishahara iteye agahinda. Abamenyeshamakuru bahembwa nabi ugereranije n’abandi bakozi. Uturorero : umwigisha afise urupapuro rw’umutsindo rwa kaminuza ahembwa ibihumbi 350 vy’amarundi [amadolari 182]. Umuganga afise urupapuro rw’umutsindo rungana ukwo nyene ahabwa ibihumbi 380 [amadolari 198]. Umucamanza nawe aronka 343.000 vy’amarundi [amadolari178,7], …. Hari uwundi murwi w’abamenyeshamakuru bahemberwa ico bakoze. Nabo nyene ntivyifashe neza. Mu maradiyo amw’amwe yitwa ko akomeye, uwukoze inkuru ivunaguye arihwa amafaranga y’amarundi 3000[amadolari 1,5], uwukoze inkuru iramvuye ariko ata majwi y’abanyagihugu arimwo aronka ibihumbi 6 [amadolari3], na we uwukoze inkuru irimwo amajwi y’abanyagihugu ayihemberwa ibihumbi 9 [amadolari 4,6], …
Ubuzima buzimvye
Twibutse ko kuva amaradiyo makuru makuru yigenga asambuwe mu ntureka za 2015, ubukene mu bimenyeshamakuru bitahitanywe n’ico gihuhusi bwaciye bwiyongera. Eka n’ubuzima ku bamenyeshamakuru bwagiye busubira inyuma.
Claude [izina ryahinduwe] akorera iradiyo yigenga. Aba muri zone buterere mu buraruko bw’umugwa mukuru w’ubutunzi. Agahembo aronka ntikamumaza imisi 30. Igihe c’isaha3 n’iminota 45, niho umumenyeshamakuru w’Ivomo yashika muhira iwe. Inzu y’icumba kimwe n’idirisha rimwe. « Aha nibana ndi umwe. Nta mukozi nkeneye kubera sinoronka ico ndamuhemba », niko yabwiye Ivomo. Ku burambe bw’imyaka 3 mu mwuga, Claude ahembwa ibihumbi 150 vy’amarundi ku kwezi. Ni ukuvuga amadolari 78. Kuri we, ako gahembo ni gato cane. Ati: « Amahera nk’ayo aragoye kubika. Ntegerezwa kuriha inzu n’infungurwa. Ntegerezwa kandi kugura impuzu, ibirato, agasabuni,…Rimwe rimwe birashika ngafata ideni kugira nshobore gushika ku mwisho w’ukwezi». Imigambi yiwe yamunaniye no kurangura. “Umukobwa dukundanye ashaka kumpeba kubera vyanse ko ntegura ubugeni! Narabuze ingene nogura ibikoresho vya nkenerwa vyo munzu!”
Hari iyindi ngorane ihanze ibimenyeshamakuru bitari bike. Agashahara ntikigera kisununura ku bakozi hisunzwe uburambe. Geregori [izina ryahinduwe] aheruka gukukuruka. Ku myaka 19 y’uburambe mu kazi, ntiyigeze arenza agahembo k’ibihumbi 220 [amadorari 114, 6]. “Natanguye umwuga nkenye none ndawurangije nkenye. Nibutse agahembo bampa ndamaramara. Numva ata n’ivyo novugira mu bantu. Simbona uko ngiye kubaho”, abisigura n’akababaro kenshi. Asaba reta kwitwararika abakozi kuruta : “Reta yategerezwa gufata ingingo zo gukingira abakozi mu gushinga umushahara w’ibanze, gutyo umukoresha wese agahamagarirwa kuzikurikiza”.
Kubw’uyu mukukuruke, n’itegeko rihari rigenga akazi n’abakozi ntiryubahirizwa. Gerergori yibutsa ko ingingo ya ryo ya 5 ikingira abakozi : « Akazi kose gategerezwa guhemberwa. Agahembo kabwirizwa kuba gakwiye ku buryo gashobora guha umukozi n’umuryango wiwe ubuzima bubereye … ». [Umumenyeshamakuru wacu niwe yabihinduye mu kirundi abikuye mu gifaransa]
Kenshi bafatwa nk’ibikoresho
Agahembo kadakwiye ni kimwe mu biri kw’isonga ry’ingorane zihanze abamenyeshamakuru. Hari abasiba ku buzi, abandi bagakora bakwega amaguru kuko batabona ikibatera intege. Kubera rero bigoye cane kwibeshaho muri ubwo buryo, bituma babangikanya uwo mwuga n’utundi dukorwa dutandukanye, canke bakiruka bagana iyo babona amahera, iyo bakora bagataha bayatahanye. Ukwo niko bishika ugasanga bamwe basigaye bakoreshwa mu gutanga inkuru rimwe na rimwe zidatohojwe.
Alfred* [umumenyeshamakuru] ntabinyegeza. «Hagize uwuntumirira inkuru, akanyemerera agahembo ndayizanye[bimwe bita’’perdiem’’], n’aho noba mbona ko bidatomoye ndabikora n’ukuri. Igikuru kuri jewe ni uko ndonka ico mfungura. Kenshi baduha ibihumbi 10 canke 15. Birashika rimwe rimwe bakaduha ibihumbi 20. Akaryo nk’ako sinokagisha na rirya mpembwa intica ntikize», niko asigura. Arongera ati : «Ubuzima bw’umumenyeshamakuru ntibushemeye n’aho tuzwi nk’abavugira abandi!».
Bamwe mu banyepolitike, abarongoye inganda n’amashirahamwe, baramaze guhinyura ako kanenge. Iyo badafise ibifadika batangaza mu maradiyo, baca barondera abamenyeshamakuru bakoresha ku nyungu zabo, bakabaha amahera bita ko ari ayo “kwiyunguruza uwo musi”, canke ay’“ama inite ya terefone”. Mu vy’ukuri ni uburyo batoye bwo kubagura babafatiye mu bukene barimwo, kugira bemere kuvuga izo nkuru. Umusi umwe, umukuru w’ishirahamwe yabwiye mugenziwe, ku mugaragaro, ati: « Babwire gusa ko twabategekanirije agahembo. Emwe ntibazosiba. Nta n’umwe adakunda agafaranga turabizi! »
Ikibazo c’uburongozi
Uburongozi mu bimenyeshamakuru bimwe bimwe buratungwa agatoke. Uko butunganywa, uko bugashirwaho, nta muco urimwo. Bamwe mu bamenyeshamakuru twabajije baremeza ko mu maradiyo bakoramwo harangwa akarenganyo, ka mwana wa mama na mpinga yanje, n’ibindi. Ivyo vyose bigakorwa na bamwe mu barongozi.
Umumenyeshamakuru Ndereya[izina ryahinduwe] vyaramukozeko. « Hari abamenyeshamakuru bashitse basanga maze umwaka ku kazi. Ni jewe mbere nabigishije umwuga. Ariko ubu baransumvya umushahara. Sindabitahura kuko nta kazi bandusha gukora! None bigenda gute ngo abakoresha bagire akarenganyo nk’ako kandi ari bo bategerezwa kukagwanya? Ivyo bagiriza intwaro ni vyo bakora! Ni akamaramaza! », niko yongoreye Ivomo. «Benshi muri abo bafashwe neza usanga bafitaniye ubucuti n’indongozi: ubuhabara, canke baturuka mu muryango umwe…. Wumve ko no muri uwu mwuga wacu habamwo amanyanga afatiye ku gitsina! », Arabandanya ati : «Hagize umukozi ahirahira ngo yerekane ayo mahinyu, aca yirukanwa ubwo nyene!».
Twibutse ko itegeko rigenga akazi mu Burundi ritarekurira abakoresha gufata ugutandukanye abakozi babo, na cane cane mu gihe bakora akazi kamwe kandi bagakora kumwe, bakaba banganya n’impapuro z’umutsindo.Tubisanga mu ngingo ya 73: « Ku bakozi bakora co kimwe, bakaba banganya ubumenyi n’umwimbu ku kazi, babwirizwa guhembwa kumwe hatisunzwe iyo baturuka, igitsina canke imyaka».
Mu kurangiza. Biragoye gutahura ingene umumenyeshamakuru ahembwa agashahara kari musi y’ak’abandi bakozi mu gihe umwuga wiwe ufitiye akamaro kadasanzwe igihugu. Niwe avugira abadafise aho bavugira. Niwe atuma imigambi y’igihugu imenyekana. Hamwe rero atacokorwa mu maguru masha, uwo mwuga ushobora no kuzimangana.
